Biodiversity Net Gain is now a mandatory planning requirement for almost all developments in England. This requirement was introduced through Schedule 7A of the Town and Country Planning Act 1990, which was updated by the Environment Act 2021. The legislation formalises the need for developments to leave biodiversity in a measurably better state than before, rather than simply reducing harm.
For major developments, BNG became mandatory from 12 February 2024. For smaller sites, the requirement came into force on 2 April 2024. This means that almost every planning applicant must demonstrate how they will deliver at least a 10 percent net gain in biodiversity value, secured for a minimum of 30 years.
Local planning authorities now check BNG compliance as a core part of determining applications. A development cannot lawfully proceed until the Biodiversity Gain Plan is approved. The process requires proper baseline surveys, metric calculations, and a clear plan for how ecological enhancements will be delivered, funded, and maintained.
Because the rules are statutory, developers cannot opt out. BNG must be demonstrated using the government approved Biodiversity Metric and delivered through a mix of on site, off site, or statutory biodiversity credits. The introduction of BNG represents one of the most significant changes to the English planning system in a generation. It is designed to support nature recovery, improve ecological resilience, and embed environmental responsibility into development projects.
For landowners, estates, and developers, the mandatory nature of BNG also creates significant opportunities. Well planned habitat creation schemes can generate long term income streams and improve land value. Eco Capital works with landowners and developers across the UK to navigate compliance and unlock these opportunities.
